Ameranthropoides loysi
(de Loys' Ape
Didi) |
|---|
| Creature |
|---|
| Grouping | Cryptids |
|---|
| Sub grouping | Hominid, primate |
|---|
| Data |
|---|
| First reported | 1920 |
|---|
| Country | Colombia/Venezuela Border |
|---|
| Region | Tarra River |
|---|
| Habitat | Rainforest |
|---|
"
Ameranthropoides loysi" (
De Loys' Ape) is allegedly a large
primate encountered by
François De Loys in
South America. Apart from testimony of claimed eyewitnesses, the only evidence of the animal is one
photograph.
Controversy continues about the authenticity of the animal, with critics contending that the de Loys' Ape is a
hoax and that the photograph shows only a posed
spider monkey carcass, though
cryptozoology enthusiasts and a few others support the notion that Loys did indeed encounter an unknown primate.
[1]
Encounter
François de Loys, a
Swiss oil
geologist, led an expedition from 1917 to 1920 to search for
petroleum in an area along the border between
Colombia and
Venezuela, primarily near
Lake Maracaibo. The expedition was unsuccessful, and furthermore suffered greatly due to
disease and skirmishes with
natives; of the 20 members of de Loys' group, only four survived.
According to de Loys' later report, in 1920, while camped near the
Tarra River, two large creatures approached the group. Initially, de Loys thought they were
bears, but then noted that they were
monkey-like, holding onto shrubs and branches. The creatures – one male, one female – seemed angry, said de Loys, howling and gesturing, then defecating into their hands and flinging
feces at the expedition. Fearing for their safety, the expedition shot and killed the male; the female then fled. De Loys and his companions recognized that they had encountered something unusual. The animal resembled a spider monkey, but was much larger: 1.57 meters tall (compared to the largest spider monkeys, which are just over a meter tall). De Loys counted 32 teeth (most
New World monkeys have 36 teeth), and noted that the creature had no tail.
They posed the creature by seating it on a crate and propping a stick under its chin. After taking a single photograph, de Loys reported, they skinned the creature, intending to keep its hide and skull. Both items were later abandoned by the troubled expedition.
According to other reports, more photographs were taken but were lost either in a flood or during the capsizing of the scientists' boat.
Publication
After de Loys returned to Europe, he kept the story of the unidentified ape to himself until 1929. That year, his friend the
anthropologist George Montandon was perusing de Loys's files, seeking information about
South America's native tribes. Montandon discovered the photograph, and thought it to be very important. De Loys finally related his account in the
Illustrated London News of June 15, 1929, and three scientific articles regarding the creature were published in French journals. Montandon suggested a
scientific name name for the creature:
Ameranthropoides loysi.
Controversy
A spider monkey (
Ateles geoffroyi), for comparison. This
species is not usually found where de Loys' specimen was shot however.
After this publicity, de Loys’ account was deemed unreliable by several critics, notably Sir
Arthur Keith, a prominent anthropologist. Keith suggested de Loys was trying to pass off a normal spider monkey as something more exotic. The photograph did not clearly indicate the creature's size, and Keith also noted that by not photographing the creature’s posterior, de Loys had left open the question of whether or not it had a tail.
According to the cryptozoological researcher
Ivan T. Sanderson, the particular area of South America in which de Loys allegedly found the ape has no reports of oversized
hominids. Sanderson believes it to be nothing more than a spider monkey. He says of the mystery surrounding the ape, "it is an outright hoax, and an obnoxious one at that, being a deliberate deception."
[2]
Another cryptozoologist,
Loren Coleman, also supports the hoax theory, and even goes as far as to say that Montandon perpetrated it in order to support his views on human origin. Montandon had suggested the name
Ameranthropoides loysi to propose that the specimen was a
missing link ancestor of the Western Hemisphere's "red" people. He had previously stated that Africans evolved from
gorillas and Asians from
orangutans.
[3] However, as researcher Richard Ravalli has pointed out, Coleman failed to point to any direct evidence of a hoax by either Montandon or de Loys.
[4] Since then, research has come to light, noted on Coleman's blog, suggesting that the stump of a banana tree can be seen at the right side of the entire photograph. Bananas are not indigenous to South America, making their occurrence in the remote jungle highly implausible, thus making it probable that the photo was not shot at the location de Loys indicated.
[5] This argument and other findings which strongly indicate a hoax, largely the result of Spanish-language work by Venezuelan scientists Bernardo Urbani and Angel Viloria, were essentially unknown to cryptozoology researchers prior to the summer of 2007. In 2009, Urbani and Viloria translated and published their findings in English.
[6]
Others have argued that de Loys could have encountered an unknown creature. The crate the creature was posed on was similar to ones commonly used for transporting
gasoline, which measured just under 18 inches tall. Assuming this crate was the common type, its size would appear to support de Loys’ measurement of the creature, although others say the crate is only 15 inches tall and the ape would measure under 4 feet - smaller than de Loys' claims. Researcher Michael Shoemaker, while noting some similarities to spider monkeys, argues that the creature has a few pronounced differences: its chest and hands are different; its face is much more oval than the spider monkey's distinctively triangular visage; it lacks the spider monkey’s pronounced underbite; and has a much higher forehead than spider monkeys.
See also
Sources
- Jerome Clark, Unexplained! 347 Strange Sightings, Incredible Occurrences, and Puzzling Physical Phenomena (Visible Ink Press, 1993).
- Bernard Heuvelmans, On The Track Of Unknown Animals (Hill and Wang, 1958).
- Michael Shoemaker, "The Mystery of Mono Grande", Strange Magazine, April 1991.
- Karl P.N. Shuker, Extraordinary Animals Revisited (CFZ Press, 2007).
- Bernardo Urbani and Angel L. Viloria, Ameranthropoides loysi Montandon 1929: the History of a Primatological Fraud / Ameranthropoides Loysi Montandon 1929: la historia de un fraude primatologico (Libros en Red, 2009).
- ^ http://alchemipedia.blogspot.com/2009/10/de-loys-ape-ameranthropoides-loysi.html
- ^ De Loys' Ape - Unknown Hominid or Just a Hoax?
- ^ Newton, Michael (2005). "De Loys's Ape". Encyclopedia of Cryptozoology: A Global Guide. McFarland & Company, Inc.. pp. 128–129. ISBN 0-7864-2036-7.
- ^ Loren Coleman and El Mono Grande
- ^ De Loys’ Well-Known Prank
- ^ http://www.amazon.com/Ameranthropoides-loysi-Montandon-1929-Primatological/dp/1597544450
External links
* * *
Here is the surviving photograph of the De Loys ape. It may or may not have been a hoax, but the story of this unknown ape could very well have been the inspiration of the "What-is-it" that was supposed to have been found in the same part of the world in the Doc Savage story DUST OF DEATH.
